ادعوهُم لِآبائِهِم هُوَ أَقسَطُ عِندَ اللَّهِ ۚ فَإِن لَم تَعلَموا آباءَهُم فَإِخوانُكُم فِي الدّينِ وَمَواليكُم ۚ وَلَيسَ عَلَيكُم جُناحٌ فيما أَخطَأتُم بِهِ وَلـٰكِن ما تَعَمَّدَت قُلوبُكُم ۚ وَكانَ اللَّهُ غَفورًا رَحيمًا

Name them after their fathers; this is more equitable in God’s sight. If you don’t know their fathers, they are your brothers in faith and dependents. There is no blame upon you for the mistakes you make, but only for what your hearts purposely intend. God is Forgiving and Merciful.

النَّبِيُّ أَولىٰ بِالمُؤمِنينَ مِن أَنفُسِهِم ۖ وَأَزواجُهُ أُمَّهاتُهُم ۗ وَأُولُو الأَرحامِ بَعضُهُم أَولىٰ بِبَعضٍ في كِتابِ اللَّهِ مِنَ المُؤمِنينَ وَالمُهاجِرينَ إِلّا أَن تَفعَلوا إِلىٰ أَولِيائِكُم مَعروفًا ۚ كانَ ذٰلِكَ فِي الكِتابِ مَسطورًا

The Prophet is closer to the believers than themselves, and his wives are mothers to them. As decreed by God, blood relatives have greater rights over each other than the believers and the emigrants. However, you are still obligated to treat your friends kindly. This is inscribed in the Scripture.

وَإِذ أَخَذنا مِنَ النَّبِيّينَ ميثاقَهُم وَمِنكَ وَمِن نوحٍ وَإِبراهيمَ وَموسىٰ وَعيسَى ابنِ مَريَمَ ۖ وَأَخَذنا مِنهُم ميثاقًا غَليظًا

We received a solemn oath from the Prophets, including you, Noah, Abraham, Moses, and Jesus, son of Mary. We received from them a firm covenant.

لِيَسأَلَ الصّادِقينَ عَن صِدقِهِم ۚ وَأَعَدَّ لِلكافِرينَ عَذابًا أَليمًا

He will then question the truthful about their truthfulness, and He prepared a severe punishment for the unbelievers.

يا أَيُّهَا الَّذينَ آمَنُوا اذكُروا نِعمَةَ اللَّهِ عَلَيكُم إِذ جاءَتكُم جُنودٌ فَأَرسَلنا عَلَيهِم ريحًا وَجُنودًا لَم تَرَوها ۚ وَكانَ اللَّهُ بِما تَعمَلونَ بَصيرًا

O you who believe, remember God’s favor upon you, when armies advanced against you, and We sent upon them a wind and forces you didn’t see. God is watchful of all your actions.

هُنالِكَ ابتُلِيَ المُؤمِنونَ وَزُلزِلوا زِلزالًا شَديدًا

There, the believers were tested and severely shaken.

وَإِذ يَقولُ المُنافِقونَ وَالَّذينَ في قُلوبِهِم مَرَضٌ ما وَعَدَنَا اللَّهُ وَرَسولُهُ إِلّا غُرورًا

The hypocrites and those with diseased hearts said, “God and His Messenger promised us nothing but delusions.”

وَإِذ قالَت طائِفَةٌ مِنهُم يا أَهلَ يَثرِبَ لا مُقامَ لَكُم فَارجِعوا ۚ وَيَستَأذِنُ فَريقٌ مِنهُمُ النَّبِيَّ يَقولونَ إِنَّ بُيوتَنا عَورَةٌ وَما هِيَ بِعَورَةٍ ۖ إِن يُريدونَ إِلّا فِرارًا

Among them, some said, “O people of Yathrib, you can’t withstand, so retreat.” Meanwhile, others sought permission from the Prophet, saying, “Our homes are exposed,” when they were not. They only intended to flee.

وَلَو دُخِلَت عَلَيهِم مِن أَقطارِها ثُمَّ سُئِلُوا الفِتنَةَ لَآتَوها وَما تَلَبَّثوا بِها إِلّا يَسيرًا

If they had been invaded from all sides, and they were incited to sedition, they would’ve indulged in it.

وَلَقَد كانوا عاهَدُوا اللَّهَ مِن قَبلُ لا يُوَلّونَ الأَدبارَ ۚ وَكانَ عَهدُ اللَّهِ مَسئولًا

They had previously made a covenant with God that they wouldn’t turn their backs. The covenant with God must be answered for.